#!/usr/bin/env python # Try to determine how much RAM is currently being used per program. # Note per _program_, not per process. So for example this script # will report RAM used by all httpd process together. In detail it reports: # sum(private RAM for program processes) + sum(Shared RAM for program processes) # The shared RAM is problematic to calculate, and this script automatically # selects the most accurate method available for your kernel. # Author: P@draigBrady.com # Source: http://www.pixelbeat.org/scripts/ps_mem.py # V1.0 06 Jul 2005 Initial release # V1.1 11 Aug 2006 root permission required for accuracy # V1.2 08 Nov 2006 Add total to output # Use KiB,MiB,... for units rather than K,M,... # V1.3 22 Nov 2006 Ignore shared col from /proc/$pid/statm for # 2.6 kernels up to and including 2.6.9. # There it represented the total file backed extent # V1.4 23 Nov 2006 Remove total from output as it's meaningless # (the shared values overlap with other programs). # Display the shared column. This extra info is # useful, especially as it overlaps between programs. # V1.5 26 Mar 2007 Remove redundant recursion from human() # V1.6 05 Jun 2007 Also report number of processes with a given name. # Patch from riccardo.murri@gmail.com # V1.7 20 Sep 2007 Use PSS from /proc/$pid/smaps if available, which # fixes some over-estimation and allows totalling. # Enumerate the PIDs directly rather than using ps, # which fixes the possible race between reading # RSS with ps, and shared memory with this program. # Also we can show non truncated command names. # V1.8 28 Sep 2007 More accurate matching for stats in /proc/$pid/smaps # as otherwise could match libraries causing a crash. # Patch from patrice.bouchand.fedora@gmail.com # V1.9 20 Feb 2008 Fix invalid values reported when PSS is available. # Reported by Andrey Borzenkov # V2.0 15 Jan 2010 From a report by Brock Noland # about overreporting of RAM usage of his java progs, # handle linux clones that have pids. I.E. that have # CLONE_VM specified without CLONE_THREAD. # V2.1 20 Jan 2010 Append [deleted] or [updated] to programs which are # no longer on disk or have a new version available. # Add a --split-args option to group programs based # on the full command line, which could be used # to monitor separate "pmon" processes for example: # ps_mem.py | grep [p]mon # V2.2 16 Feb 2010 Support python 3. # Patch from Brian Harring # Notes: # # All interpreted programs where the interpreter is started # by the shell or with env, will be merged to the interpreter # (as that's what's given to exec). For e.g. all python programs # starting with "#!/usr/bin/env python" will be grouped under python. # You can change this by using the full command line but that will # have the undesirable affect of splitting up programs started with # differing parameters (for e.g. mingetty tty[1-6]). # # For 2.6 kernels up to and including 2.6.13 and later 2.4 redhat kernels # (rmap vm without smaps) it can not be accurately determined how many pages # are shared between processes in general or within a program in our case: # http://lkml.org/lkml/2005/7/6/250 # A warning is printed if overestimation is possible. # In addition for 2.6 kernels up to 2.6.9 inclusive, the shared # value in /proc/$pid/statm is the total file-backed extent of a process. # We ignore that, introducing more overestimation, again printing a warning. # Since kernel 2.6.23-rc8-mm1 PSS is available in smaps, which allows # us to calculate a more accurate value for the total RAM used by programs. # # Programs that use CLONE_VM without CLONE_THREAD are discounted by assuming # they're the only programs that have the same /proc/$PID/smaps file for # each instance. This will fail if there are multiple real instances of a # program that then use CLONE_VM without CLONE_THREAD, or if a clone changes # its memory map while we're checksumming each /proc/$PID/smaps. # # I don't take account of memory allocated for a program # by other programs. For e.g. memory used in the X server for # a program could be determined, but is not. import sys, os, string try: # md5 module is deprecated on python 2.6 # so try the newer hashlib first import hashlib md5_new = hashlib.md5 except ImportError: import md5 md5_new = md5.new if os.geteuid() != 0: sys.stderr.write("Sorry, root permission required.\n"); sys.exit(1) split_args=False if len(sys.argv)==2 and sys.argv[1] == "--split-args": split_args = True PAGESIZE=os.sysconf("SC_PAGE_SIZE")/1024 #KiB our_pid=os.getpid() #(major,minor,release) def kernel_ver(): kv=open("/proc/sys/kernel/osrelease", "rt").readline().split(".")[:3] for char in "-_": kv[2]=kv[2].split(char)[0] return (int(kv[0]), int(kv[1]), int(kv[2])) kv=kernel_ver() have_pss=0 #return Private,Shared #Note shared is always a subset of rss (trs is not always) def getMemStats(pid): global have_pss mem_id = pid #unique Private_lines=[] Shared_lines=[] Pss_lines=[] Rss=int(open("/proc/"+str(pid)+"/statm", "rt").readline().split()[1])*PAGESIZE if os.path.exists("/proc/"+str(pid)+"/smaps"): #stat digester = md5_new() for line in open("/proc/"+str(pid)+"/smaps", "rb").readlines(): #open # Note we checksum smaps as maps is usually but # not always different for separate processes. digester.update(line) line = line.decode("ascii") if line.startswith("Shared"): Shared_lines.append(line) elif line.startswith("Private"): Private_lines.append(line) elif line.startswith("Pss"): have_pss=1 Pss_lines.append(line) mem_id = digester.hexdigest() Shared=sum([int(line.split()[1]) for line in Shared_lines]) Private=sum([int(line.split()[1]) for line in Private_lines]) #Note Shared + Private = Rss above #The Rss in smaps includes video card mem etc. if have_pss: pss_adjust=0.5 #add 0.5KiB as this average error due to trunctation Pss=sum([float(line.split()[1])+pss_adjust for line in Pss_lines]) Shared = Pss - Private elif (2,6,1) <= kv <= (2,6,9): Shared=0 #lots of overestimation, but what can we do? Private = Rss else: Shared=int(open("/proc/"+str(pid)+"/statm", "rt").readline().split()[2]) Shared*=PAGESIZE Private = Rss - Shared return (Private, Shared, mem_id) def getCmdName(pid): cmdline = open("/proc/%d/cmdline" % pid, "rt").read().split("\0") if cmdline[-1] == '' and len(cmdline) > 1: cmdline = cmdline[:-1] path = os.path.realpath("/proc/%d/exe" % pid) #exception for kernel threads if split_args: return " ".join(cmdline) if path.endswith(" (deleted)"): path = path[:-10] if os.path.exists(path): path += " [updated]" else: #The path could be have prelink stuff so try cmdline #which might have the full path present. This helped for: #/usr/libexec/notification-area-applet.#prelink#.fX7LCT (deleted) if os.path.exists(cmdline[0]): path = cmdline[0] + " [updated]" else: path += " [deleted]" exe = os.path.basename(path) cmd = open("/proc/%d/status" % pid, "rt").readline()[6:-1] if exe.startswith(cmd): cmd=exe #show non truncated version #Note because we show the non truncated name #one can have separated programs as follows: #584.0 KiB + 1.0 MiB = 1.6 MiB mozilla-thunder (exe -> bash) # 56.0 MiB + 22.2 MiB = 78.2 MiB mozilla-thunderbird-bin return cmd cmds={} shareds={} mem_ids={} count={} for pid in os.listdir("/proc/"): if not pid.isdigit(): continue pid = int(pid) if pid == our_pid: continue try: cmd = getCmdName(pid) except: #permission denied or #kernel threads don't have exe links or #process gone continue try: private, shared, mem_id = getMemStats(pid) except: continue #process gone if shareds.get(cmd): if have_pss: #add shared portion of PSS together shareds[cmd]+=shared elif shareds[cmd] < shared: #just take largest shared val shareds[cmd]=shared else: shareds[cmd]=shared cmds[cmd]=cmds.setdefault(cmd,0)+private if cmd in count: count[cmd] += 1 else: count[cmd] = 1 mem_ids.setdefault(cmd,{}).update({mem_id:None}) #Add shared mem for each program total=0 for cmd in cmds: cmd_count = count[cmd] if len(mem_ids[cmd]) == 1 and cmd_count > 1: # Assume this program is using CLONE_VM without CLONE_THREAD # so only account for one of the processes cmds[cmd] /= cmd_count if have_pss: shareds[cmd] /= cmd_count cmds[cmd]=cmds[cmd]+shareds[cmd] total+=cmds[cmd] #valid if PSS available if sys.version_info >= (2, 6): sort_list = sorted(cmds.items(), key=lambda x:x[1]) else: sort_list = cmds.items() sort_list.sort(lambda x,y:cmp(x[1],y[1])) # list wrapping is redundant on =pyk3 however sort_list=list(filter(lambda x:x[1],sort_list)) #get rid of zero sized processes #The following matches "du -h" output #see also human.py def human(num, power="Ki"): powers=["Ki","Mi","Gi","Ti"] while num >= 1000: #4 digits num /= 1024.0 power=powers[powers.index(power)+1] return "%.1f %s" % (num,power) def cmd_with_count(cmd, count): if count>1: return "%s (%u)" % (cmd, count) else: return cmd sys.stdout.write(" Private + Shared = RAM used\tProgram \n\n") for cmd in sort_list: sys.stdout.write("%8sB + %8sB = %8sB\t%s\n" % (human(cmd[1]-shareds[cmd[0]]), human(shareds[cmd[0]]), human(cmd[1]), cmd_with_count(cmd[0], count[cmd[0]]))) if have_pss: sys.stdout.write("%s\n%s%8sB\n%s\n" % ("-" * 33, " " * 24, human(total), "=" * 33)) sys.stdout.write("\n Private + Shared = RAM used\tProgram \n\n") #Warn of possible inaccuracies #2 = accurate & can total #1 = accurate only considering each process in isolation #0 = some shared mem not reported #-1= all shared mem not reported def shared_val_accuracy(): """http://wiki.apache.org/spamassassin/TopSharedMemoryBug""" if kv[:2] == (2,4): if open("/proc/meminfo", "rt").read().find("Inact_") == -1: return 1 return 0 elif kv[:2] == (2,6): if os.path.exists("/proc/"+str(os.getpid())+"/smaps"): if open("/proc/"+str(os.getpid())+"/smaps", "rt").read().find("Pss:")!=-1: return 2 else: return 1 if (2,6,1) <= kv <= (2,6,9): return -1 return 0 else: return 1 vm_accuracy = shared_val_accuracy() if vm_accuracy == -1: sys.stderr.write( "Warning: Shared memory is not reported by this system.\n" ) sys.stderr.write( "Values reported will be too large, and totals are not reported\n" ) elif vm_accuracy == 0: sys.stderr.write( "Warning: Shared memory is not reported accurately by this system.\n" ) sys.stderr.write( "Values reported could be too large, and totals are not reported\n" ) elif vm_accuracy == 1: sys.stderr.write( "Warning: Shared memory is slightly over-estimated by this system\n" "for each program, so totals are not reported.\n" )